02分布式之dubbo概述

分布式 dubbo
学习笔记
发布日期:   2021-08-26
更新日期:   2021-08-27
文章字数:   3.8k
阅读时长:   21 分
阅读次数:  

1.dubbo概念

  • dubbo是阿里巴巴公司开源的一个高性能、轻量级的Java RPC框架
  • 致力于提供高性能和透明化的RPC（远程调用方案），以及SOA（服务治理方案）
  • 官网：dubbo官网

架构图

image-20210827000051561

2.快速入门

2.1 安装zookpeer(注册中心)

2.2 实现步骤

  1. 创建服务提供者Provider模块
  2. 创建消费者Consumer模块
  3. 在服务提供者模块编写UserServiceImpl提供服务
  4. 在服务消费者中的UserController远程调用
    UserServiceImpl 提供的服务
  5. 分别启动两个服务测试。

2.3复习spring模块调用过程

新建空项目

image-20210827142522260

2.3.1 service模块

2.3.1.1 pom文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.hybs</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo_service</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <spring.version>5.1.9.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <!--解决可能报1.5和1.6不支持问题-->
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- servlet3.0规范的坐标 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring的坐标-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--springmvc的坐标-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--日志-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>



    </dependencies>


</project>
2.3.1.2 spring配置文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--包扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hybs.service"/>


</beans>

2.3.2 web模块

2.3.2.1 pom文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <!--由于是web项目所以其应该是war项目 -->
    <groupId>com.hybs</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo_web</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <properties>
        <spring.version>5.1.9.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- servlet3.0规范的坐标 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring的坐标-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--springmvc的坐标-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--日志-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--依赖service模块-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.hybs</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo_service</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>


    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!--tomcat插件-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <port>8000</port>
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>
2.3.2.2web.xml文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         version="2.5">

       
   <!-- spring -->
    <!--爆红是因为没有把service模块加载进来-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath*:spring/applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
       
   <!-- Springmvc -->  
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- 指定加载的配置文件 ，通过参数contextConfigLocation加载-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>


    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>


</web-app>
2.3.2.3 springmvc.xml 文件配置
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
         http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--开启注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--组件扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hybs.controller"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

2.4更新为远程过程调用

由于分布式的定义是每个项目能够独立启动所以仅仅分模块的spring项目并不是分布式。

2.4.1service模块

2.4.1.1 pom文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.hybs</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo_service</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <properties>
        <spring.version>5.1.9.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <dubbo.version>2.7.4.1</dubbo.version>
        <zookeeper.version>4.0.0</zookeeper.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <!--解决可能报1.5和1.6不支持问题-->
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- servlet3.0规范的坐标 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring的坐标-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--springmvc的坐标-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--日志-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>



        <!--Dubbo的起步依赖，版本2.7之后统一为rg.apache.dubb -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--ZooKeeper客户端实现 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--ZooKeeper客户端实现 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
            <version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
        </dependency>



    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!--tomcat插件-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <port>9000</port>
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>
2.4.1.2 web.xml文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         version="2.5">

		 
	<!-- spring -->
    <!--爆红是因为没有把service模块加载进来-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath*:spring/applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
		 



</web-app>
2.4.1.3 applicationContext.xml文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--spring包扫描-->
    <!--<context:component-scan base-package="com.hybs.service"/>-->

    <!--dubbo配置-->
    <!--1.配置项目的名称-->
    <dubbo:application name="dubbo_service"/>
    <!--配置注册中心-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.66.66:2181"></dubbo:registry>
    <!--dubbo包扫描-->
    <dubbo:annotation package="com.hybs.service.impl"></dubbo:annotation>


</beans>
2.4.1.4 service实现类文件
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package com.hybs.service.impl;/*
 * @author: Hayabusa
 * @date: 2021/8/27 13:28
 * @Description:
 * @Email:2682557218@qq.com
 */

import com.hybs.service.UserService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

//@Service 将改类的对象添加到IOC
@Service  //将这个类提供的服务（方法）对外发布。将访问的地址，ip,端口，路径注册到注册中心
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Override
    public String sayHello() {

        return "你好";
    }
}

2.4.2web模块

2.4.2.1pom文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.hybs</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo_web</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <properties>
        <spring.version>5.1.9.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <dubbo.version>2.7.4.1</dubbo.version>
        <zookeeper.version>4.0.0</zookeeper.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- servlet3.0规范的坐标 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring的坐标-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--springmvc的坐标-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--日志-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>



        <!--Dubbo的起步依赖，版本2.7之后统一为rg.apache.dubb -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--ZooKeeper客户端实现 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--ZooKeeper客户端实现 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
            <version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖service模块-->
        <!--公共接口模块-->
        <!--<dependency>-->
            <!--<groupId>com.hybs</groupId>-->
            <!--<artifactId>dubbo_service</artifactId>-->
            <!--<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>-->
        <!--</dependency>-->

    </dependencies>


    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!--tomcat插件-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <port>8000</port>
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>
2.4.2.2web.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         version="2.5">

		 
	<!-- spring -->
    <!--爆红是因为没有把service模块加载进来-->
    <!--<context-param>-->
        <!--<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>-->
        <!--<param-value>classpath*:spring/applicationContext*.xml</param-value>-->
    <!--</context-param>-->
    <!--<listener>-->
        <!--<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>-->
    <!--</listener>-->
		 
	<!-- Springmvc -->	 
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- 指定加载的配置文件 ，通过参数contextConfigLocation加载-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>


    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>


</web-app>
2.4.2.3springmvc.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
         http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--开启注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--组件扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hybs.controller"></context:component-scan>
    <!--dubbo配置-->
    <!--1.配置项目的名称-->
    <dubbo:application name="dubbo_web">
        <dubbo:parameter key="qos.port" value="33333"/>
    </dubbo:application>

    <!--配置注册中心-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.66.66:2181"></dubbo:registry>
    <!--dubbo包扫描-->
    <dubbo:annotation package="com.hybs.controller"></dubbo:annotation>
</beans>
2.4.2.4controller文件
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package com.hybs.controller;/*
 * @author: Hayabusa
 * @date: 2021/8/27 13:36
 * @Description:
 * @Email:2682557218@qq.com
 */

import com.hybs.service.UserService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
//    注入service
//    @Autowired  //本地注入
    /*
    * 1.从zookeeper注册中心获取userService的访问url
    * 2.进行远程调用RPC
    * 3.将结果封装为一个代理对象为变量赋值。
    * */
    @Reference
    UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/sayHello", produces = "text/html;charset=UTF-8")
    public String sayHello(){
        return userService.sayHello();

    }
}

注：userservice模块两边共用可采用两种方式解决：

  1. 如上面代码在web模块自己新建一个不好维护。

  2. 将service模块抽出来放入新的模块中，两边引入，引入前需要先install模块

image-20210827210014841

文章作者: 哈雅布撒
文章链接: https://akirahayabusa.github.io/2021/08/26/02-fen-bu-shi-zhi-dubbo-gai-shu/
版权声明: 本博客所有文章除特別声明外，均采用 CC BY 4.0 许可协议。转载请注明来源 哈雅布撒 !
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